[UPDATED Nov-2025] Best Value Available Preparation Guide for PSPO-II Exam
1 Full PSPO-II Practice Test and 85 Unique Questions, Get it Now!
Passing the Scrum PSPO-II exam demonstrates that a product owner has a deep understanding of Scrum and can effectively lead product development efforts in complex and dynamic environments. It is a valuable certification for product owners who want to advance their careers and take on more challenging roles within their organizations. Additionally, Scrum.org provides ongoing support and resources for certified product owners to continue developing their skills and knowledge, ensuring that they stay up-to-date with the latest trends and best practices in the field.
NEW QUESTION # 48
The Developers inform the Product Owner during the Sprint that they are not likely to complete everything they forecasted. What would you expect a Product Owner to do?
(choose the best answer)
- A. End the Sprint, since the goal cannot be achieved.
- B. Change the Sprint Goal to match what the Developers can deliver.
- C. Inform management that more resources are needed.
- D. Reduce the scope of the Sprint, if possible, to still meet the Sprint Goal.
- E. Skip Product Backlog refinement activities.
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to the Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II certification guide1, the Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. This means that the Product Owner should collaborate with the Developers and the Scrum Master to find the best way to deliver value in the current Sprint, even if the initial forecast is not met. The Product Owner should not change or abandon the Sprint Goal, as it is a commitment made by the Scrum Team during Sprint Planning. The Product Owner should also not skip Product Backlog refinement activities, as they are essential for preparing the Product Backlog for future Sprints. The Product Owner should not end the Sprint prematurely, as it may cause more disruption and waste than delivering a potentially releasable Increment. The Product Owner should not inform management that more resources are needed, as it may imply that the Scrum Team is not self-organizing and cross-functional. The Product Owner should respect the Developers' autonomy and professionalism and support them in finding the best solution to the problem. Therefore, the best answer is to reduce the scope of the Sprint, if possible, to still meet the Sprint Goal. This means that the Product Owner and the Developers should negotiate the scope of the Sprint Backlog within the Sprint, removing or adding Product Backlog items that are aligned with the Sprint Goal and the value delivery. Reference: 1: Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II Certification | Scrum.org
NEW QUESTION # 49
Which question does the Scrum Guide say the Developers must answer at the Daily Scrum?
- A. None of the above.
- B. What work am I going to do today to help the team achieve its goal?
- C. How many hours did I spend on the project yesterday?
- D. What impediments are in my way or in the way of the team?
- E. What work did I do yesterday to help the team achieve its goal?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
In earlier versions of the Scrum Guide, theDaily Scrumwas structured around three specific questions:
* What did I do yesterday?
* What will I do today?
* What impediments are blocking my progress?
However,the latest Scrum Guide (2020 and beyond) no longer prescribes these questions. Instead, it emphasizes that theDaily Scrum is an event for the Developers to inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and adapt their plan as necessary.
Why the Answer is E (None of the Above):
* Scrum no longer mandates specific questionsfor the Daily Scrum.
* Thefocus is on progress toward the Sprint Goal, not on individual work tracking.
* Developers decide how they structure the discussionto improve collaboration and planning.
* Time spent (Option D) is not relevantto Scrum's empirical approach, which values outcomes over effort tracking.
Key Scrum Guide Principles Supporting This answer:
* "The Developers can select whatever structure and techniques they want, as long as their Daily Scrum focuses on progress toward the Sprint Goal and produces an actionable plan for the next day of work."
* "The Daily Scrum is not a status meeting; it is an event to inspect progress and adapt the Sprint Backlog as needed." Conclusion:
The Scrum Guide doesnot require specific questionsat the Daily Scrum, makingOption E ("None of the above") the correct answer.
NEW QUESTION # 50
Which of the following statements is TRUE about the Sprint Backlog? (choose the best answer)
- A. The Developers commit to completing the Sprint Backlog by the end of the Sprint time-box.
- B. It is helpful to have the Sprint Backlog defined before the Sprint Planning.
- C. The Developers own the Sprint Backlog.
- D. The Product Owner has the final say on the scope and the ordering of the Sprint Backlog
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 51
A Product Backlog is: (choose the best three answers)
- A. Managed by the Product Owner.
- B. An inventory of things to be done.
- C. Ordered based on priority, value, dependencies, and risk.
- D. Only visible to the Product Owner and Stakeholders.
- E. An exhaustive list of requirements
Answer: A,B,C
NEW QUESTION # 52
Over a million customers use ZARA company's product. ZARA recently implemented and released a particular feature that they believed would be widely adopted by the users.
After gathering enough data from the test, it is concluded that the feature functions as intended however the usage rate was surprisingly low.
What should ZARA do? (choose the best answer)
- A. Deem the new feature unsuccessful and proceed to implement the next feature.
- B. Enlarge the sample size by extending the length of the original experiment.
- C. Devise a new experiment to learn whether usability issues are causing the problem.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 53
Which activities will a Product Owner likely engage in during a Sprint? (choose the best three answers)
- A. Answer questions from the Developers about items in the current Sprint.
- B. Gather information and opinions from Stakeholders
- C. Reorder items in the Product Backlog
- D. Prioritize the Developer's tasks.
- E. Run the Daily Scrum
- F. Update the Sprint burndown chart.
Answer: A,B,C
NEW QUESTION # 54
Which of the following are characteristics of a Product Goal?
(choose all that apply)
- A. It communicates the target future state of the product.
- B. It forms a contract with the business, allowing change to be better managed.
- C. It enhances focus.
- D. It provides a long-term objective for the Scrum Team to plan against.
- E. It has the approval of all stakeholders.
- F. It is a commitment contained in the Product Backlog.
Answer: A,C,D,F
Explanation:
A Product Goal is a summary statement of the desired outcome or value that the product should deliver. It communicates the target future state of the product, which is aligned with the product vision and strategy. It enhances focus by providing a clear direction and purpose for the Scrum Team and the stakeholders. It is a commitment contained in the Product Backlog, which means that it is transparent, visible, and understood by everyone involved in the product development. It provides a long-term objective for the Scrum Team to plan against, which helps them to prioritize and refine the Product Backlog items and to craft the Sprint Goals.
Option D is not correct because the Product Goal does not need to have the approval of all stakeholders. The Product Owner is accountable for the value of the product and the Product Backlog, and therefore has the authority to define and communicate the Product Goal. The Product Owner may collaborate with the stakeholders to discover and validate their needs and expectations, but does not need to seek their consensus or permission for the Product Goal.
Option F is not correct because the Product Goal is not a contract with the business, but rather a flexible and adaptable guide for the product development. The Product Goal is not fixed and immutable, but rather emergent and dynamic. It can be changed or updated as the product evolves and the market conditions change.
The Product Goal does not limit or constrain the changes that may occur during the product development, but rather enables and supports them. References:
Professional Scrum Product Owner II Assessment
Understanding and Applying the Scrum Framework
Managing Products with Agility
Scrum Guide 2020 Update - Introducing the Product Goal
The Product Goal explained
NEW QUESTION # 55
Which of the following would help you evaluate how much value is being delivered? (choose the best answer)
- A. The number of Product Backlog items in a release.
- B. The cycle-time cost of the product release
- C. How frequently your product is used by your customers
- D. All of the above
- E. None of the above.
- F. The number of Story Points delivered by the Developers.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 56
What is a desired outcome of using the Evidence-Based Management (EBM) approach? (choose the best answer)
- A. Continuously improve product viability and business value by ways of measuring delivered value and the ability to deliver value.
- B. Improving the Developers's velocity and predictability.
- C. Identifying low performing teams and decide on training strategies.
- D. Measuring team progress against the predefined project plan.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 57
Your company is considering investing in a large agile transformation.
What should you measure to know if your initiative is successful? (choose the best answer)
- A. Customer outcomes.
- B. The number of teams doing Scrum.
- C. All of the above.
- D. The number of on-time, on-budget, and on-scope projects.
- E. Average team velocity.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 58
Which of the following might the Scrum Team discuss during a Sprint Retrospective?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Its Definition of Done.
- B. The way the Scrum Team does Sprint Planning.
- C. Methods of communication.
- D. All of the above.
- E. Skills needed to improve the Scrum Team's ability to deliver.
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to the Scrum Guide, the purpose of the Sprint Retrospective is to plan ways to increase quality and effectiveness. The Scrum Team inspects how the last Sprint went with regards to individuals, interactions, processes, tools, and their Definition of Done1. Therefore, all of the options A, B, C, and D are possible topics that the Scrum Team might discuss during a Sprint Retrospective, as they relate to the aspects that the team can improve or adapt. For example, the team might discuss how to communicate better, how to plan the Sprint more effectively, how to acquire new skills or knowledge, or how to update their Definition of Done23. The Sprint Retrospective is a formal opportunity for the team to focus on inspection and adaptation, and to identify the most helpful changes to implement in the next Sprint1.
NEW QUESTION # 59
You are the Product Owner at a small company with a single product. You have authority over pricing, promotion, and how much is invested in new features or capabilities.
Your product has:
* High Current Value - as indicated by high customer satisfaction.
* High Unrealized Value - as indicated by low market share.
Using those two data points, what is the first action you should take to increase the business performance of the product? (choose the best answer)
- A. Improve the marketing of the product to attract a greater number of customers.
- B. Drop the price for the product to attract a greater number of customers.
- C. Increase the number of product features to attract a greater number of customers.
- D. Release an identical product to market, but give it a new product name.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 60
As a Product Owner, you have sufficient data showing the outcome of the last release. The information shows that very few people are utilizing the new functionality and a number of features are never being used.
Which of the following actions could you take to further evaluate this unexpected result? (choose all that apply)
- A. Run experiments to increase your understanding of your customer needs.
- B. Spend more time talking with your users to understand their needs.
- C. Evaluate whether the features are solving the intended problems.
- D. Turn off the features that are never used and seek more user feedback.
Answer: A,B,C
NEW QUESTION # 61
Management has asked you for advice on which product to fund. Each product is focusing on different markets. Given the following information: -Product A has very high user satisfaction scores and high market share. -Product B has low user satisfaction scores, low market share, but is in a growing market in which no other competitor has significant market share.
Which product would you suggest funding? (choose the best answer)
- A. Product A
- B. Product B
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 62
Peter, a young member, has been assigned to a mature Scrum Team. He is surprised why the Product Owner keeps paying attention to the technical debt. He supposes it should be the Developers's responsibility.
What is the best explanation? (choose the best answer).
- A. Peter is correct. The Product Owner should not concern the technical debt.
- B. The Product Owner concerns the technical debt because it might impact the delivering value and the product's cost.
- C. The Product Owner, is used to be a developer, might have a basic understanding of programming. Observing the technical debt could refresh her/his knowledge, and it is useful to develop the product's strategy.
- D. The Product Owner must report the technical debt's status to stakeholders every Sprint Review.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 63
You are the Product Owner for a product with diverse stakeholders with differing opinions that sometimes conflict.
Your Director of Marketing strongly believes that you should add a major new feature to reach a new market. Your CEO believes that the new feature is too expensive and thinks you should focus on other features to make existing customers happier. The CEO says that as Product Owner it is ultimately your decision.
You think both perspectives have merit, but you cannot do both. How should you proceed?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Devise an experiment that will help the company to better understand the new market and its potential.
- B. Trust the CEO's opinion and focus on current customers, since you cannot afford unhappy customers.
- C. Trust the Director of Marketing's opinion and add the features; when revenues increase, you will be vindicated.
- D. Better understand the positions of other stakeholders to gather more information, then make a decision.
Answer: A
Explanation:
= As a Product Owner, you are accountable for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Developers. To do this, you need to have a clear vision of the product and its target users, as well as a validated understanding of the market opportunities and risks. You also need to collaborate with stakeholders and customers to align their expectations and feedback with the product goals and strategy.
In this scenario, you face a dilemma between pursuing a new market segment or satisfying the existing customers. Both options have potential value, but also uncertainty and trade-offs. The best way to proceed is to devise an experiment that will help you to test your assumptions and learn more about the new market and its potential. This could be a small-scale release, a prototype, a survey, or any other method that can provide you with empirical evidence and feedback. By doing this, you can reduce the risk of investing in a feature that may not deliver the expected value, and also gain insights that can help you to refine your product vision and backlog.
This approach is consistent with the principles of agile product management, which emphasize delivering value early and often, validating hypotheses with data, and adapting to changing customer needs and market conditions. It also demonstrates your ability to apply the Scrum values of openness, courage, and respect, as you are willing to explore new possibilities, challenge your own opinions, and involve your stakeholders and customers in the decision-making process. Reference := Scrum Guide, Managing Products with Agility, Evidence-Based Management
NEW QUESTION # 64
What is the role of the Product Owner in crafting the Sprint Goal?
(choose the best answer)
- A. The Product Owner should come to the Sprint Planning with a clearly defined Sprint Goal.
- B. The Product Owner defines the scope for a Sprint and therefore also the Sprint Goal.
- C. The Product Owner has no role in it. This is the Developers responsibility.
- D. The Product Owner must work with stakeholders to set each Sprint's Goal.
- E. The Product Owner collaborates as a member of the Scrum Team to define a Sprint Goal.
Answer: E
Explanation:
The Sprint Goal is a summary statement of the Sprint objective, which ideally has a cohesive theme. The Sprint Goal also gives the Scrum Team guidance and flexibility on how to achieve the objective. The Sprint Goal is crafted by the entire Scrum Team during the Sprint Planning, based on the Product Owner's proposal of the most valuable Product Backlog items and the Development Team's forecast of the work that can be done in the Sprint. The Product Owner collaborates with the team to write the Sprint Goal and defines it on the basis of the value being sought. The Product Owner does not define the scope or the solution for the Sprint, but rather the outcome and the benefit. The Product Owner also does not work with stakeholders to set the Sprint Goal, but rather represents their interests and needs. The Product Owner has a role in crafting the Sprint Goal, but not the sole responsibility for it. Reference:
Professional Scrum Product Owner II Assessment
Understanding and Applying the Scrum Framework
Managing Products with Agility
The Role of the Product Owner during the Sprint
Sprint Goal - An Essential Ingredient in Scrum Recipe
NEW QUESTION # 65
A new competitor has joined the market and has quickly gained market share, which leads to a loss of sales. After investigating, you have found out that the new competitor can release to the market faster than you three times.
What is the best first response? (choose one best answer)
- A. Launch the promotion campaign and reduce the product's price to attract more customers.
- B. Add new features you think that can attract new customers to the next release.
- C. All of the above
- D. Improve your Time-to-Market to compete with the competitor
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 66
For which type of problem domain is an empirical approach most helpful? (choose the best answer)
- A. Simple problems, in which the relationship between cause and effect is known.
- B. Complex problems, in which the relationship between cause and effect are only understandable with experience.
- C. Complicated problems, in which the relationship between cause and effect can be understood through some analysis.
- D. Chaotic problems, in which the relationship between cause and effect is not clear.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 67
When is the Sprint Backlog created?
(choose the best answer)
- A. At the beginning of the project.
- B. During the Sprint.
- C. During Sprint Planning.
- D. Prior to Sprint Planning.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Let's break down why the correct answer isCand why the others are incorrect, referencing the Professional Scrum Product Owner II (PSPO II) objectives and associated competencies:
* C. During Sprint Planning.
* Verification:This is thecorrectanswer.
* Explanation and References:
* Professional Scrum Competency: Understanding and Applying the Scrum
Framework - Applying the Scrum Framework - Scrum Events
* Sprint Planning is the event where the Scrum Team collaboratively plans the work for the upcoming Sprint. Creating the Sprint Backlog is a key part of this event.
* Professional Scrum Competency: Managing Products with Agility - Forecasting & Release Planning
* The Sprint Backlog represents the team's forecast of what they believe they can deliver in the Sprint to achieve the Sprint Goal. This forecasting occurs during Sprint Planning.
* Scrum Guide:The Scrum Guide states, "The work to be performed in the Sprint is planned at the Sprint Planning. This plan is created by the collaborative work of the entire Scrum Team. [...] Sprint Planning answers the following questions: What can be Done this Sprint?
How will the chosen work get done?" The answer to the second question results in the creation of the Sprint Backlog.
* A. During the Sprint.
* Verification:This isincorrect.
* Explanation and References:
* Professional Scrum Competency: Understanding and Applying the Scrum
Framework - Applying the Scrum Framework - Scrum Events
* While the Sprint Backlog can beupdatedduring the Sprint as the Developers learn more, it is initially createdbeforethe Sprint starts, during Sprint Planning.
* Scrum Guide:The Scrum Guide says "The Sprint Backlog is a plan by and for the Developers. It is a highly visible, real-time picture of the work that the Developers plan to accomplish during the Sprint in order to achieve the Sprint Goal. Consequently, the Sprint Backlog is updated throughout the Sprint as more is learned. It should have enough detail that they can inspect their progress in the Daily Scrum." This means that Sprint backlog is already created before sprint starts.
* B. Prior to Sprint Planning.
* Verification:This isincorrect.
* Explanation and References:
* Professional Scrum Competency: Understanding and Applying the Scrum
Framework - Applying the Scrum Framework - Scrum Events
* The Sprint Backlog is createdduringSprint Planning through collaboration between the Developers and the Product Owner. Before Sprint Planning, the Product Owner prepares a prioritized Product Backlog, but this is not the Sprint Backlog.
* Scrum Guide:The Sprint Backlog emerges from the discussion and negotiation that happens during Sprint Planning. It is not pre-defined.
* D. At the beginning of the project.
* Verification:This isincorrect.
* Explanation and References:
* Professional Scrum Competency: Managing Products with Agility - Forecasting & Release Planning
* The Sprint Backlog is specific to each Sprint and is created at the beginning of each Sprint, not at the beginning of the entire project.
* Scrum Guide:Scrum is iterative and incremental. Planning the work for the entire project upfront is not in line with Scrum principles. The Sprint Backlog is created anew during each Sprint Planning event.
In conclusion, the Sprint Backlog is created during Sprint Planning, where the Scrum Team collaboratively decides what work they will undertake in the upcoming Sprint and how they will accomplish it, aligning with the PSPO II competencies and the Scrum Guide.
NEW QUESTION # 68
Which of the following measures might help you determine whether your product is delivering value to your customer?
(choose the best answer)
- A. The number of "must-do" Product Backlog items delivered in a release.
- B. All of the above.
- C. None of the above.
- D. How often your customers use your product.
- E. The on-schedule performance of the Scrum Team.
- F. The average cost of your product release.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The value of a product is not determined by how many features it has, how much it costs, or how fast it is delivered, but by how well it meets the needs and expectations of the customers and stakeholders. Therefore, the best measure of value is how often and how effectively the customers use the product to achieve their goals and solve their problems. This can be assessed by using metrics such as customer satisfaction, retention, engagement, loyalty, referrals, revenue, or any other indicators that reflect the desired outcomes and benefits of the product.
The other options are not the best measures of value, because they either focus on the output rather than the outcome, or they do not reflect the customer perspective. The number of "must-do" Product Backlog items delivered in a release may indicate the scope or the quality of the product, but not necessarily the value. The average cost of the product release may indicate the efficiency or the profitability of the product, but not necessarily the value. The on-schedule performance of the Scrum Team may indicate the predictability or the agility of the product development process, but not necessarily the value. References := Professional Scrum Product Owner II Certification, Managing Products with Agility, Evidence-Based Management
NEW QUESTION # 69
Your executive leadership team believes that your product can achieve higher market share.
. The Sales Leader is pressuring you to reduce the price of the product to attract more customers.
. The Director of Finance is concerned that reducing the price will merely reduce the product's profitability.
What sources of information should you consider when deciding whether to drop the price as the Sales Leader is suggesting?
(choose the best four answers)
- A. Company earnings targets.
- B. Competitor pricing.
- C. Channel sales strategy.
- D. Unmet customer needs.
- E. Customer satisfaction.
- F. Market share.
Answer: B,D,E,F
Explanation:
The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. They are also accountable for effective Product Backlog management, which includes ordering the Product Backlog items to best achieve goals and missions1. The Product Owner should consider various sources of information to make informed decisions about the product, such as customer feedback, market trends, stakeholder input, and data analysis2.
When deciding whether to drop the price of the product, the Product Owner should consider the following sources of information:
* Customer satisfaction: The Product Owner should measure and monitor how satisfied the customers are with the product, and how likely they are to recommend it to others. Customer satisfaction is a key indicator of product value and quality, and it can also influence customer retention and loyalty. The Product Owner should use various methods to collect customer feedback, such as surveys, interviews, reviews, ratings, and net promoter score23.
* Market share: The Product Owner should track and compare the product's market share with its competitors and potential customers. Market share is the percentage of the total market that is captured by the product, and it reflects the product's popularity and demand. The Product Owner should use market research, sales data, and industry reports to analyze the market share and identify opportunities and threats24.
* Unmet customer needs: The Product Owner should identify and prioritize the customer needs that are not yet met by the product or its competitors. Unmet customer needs are the gaps or problems that the customers face, and that the product can solve or address. The Product Owner should use techniques such as user stories, personas, value proposition canvas, and jobs to be done to discover and validate the unmet customer needs25.
* Competitor pricing: The Product Owner should benchmark and compare the product's pricing with its competitors and alternatives. Competitor pricing is the amount of money that the customers have to pay to acquire or use a similar or substitute product. The Product Owner should use competitive analysis, price elasticity, and value-based pricing to determine the optimal pricing strategy for the product2 .
The other option, company earnings targets, is not a relevant source of information for the Product Owner, as it does not reflect the value or the demand of the product. The Product Owner should focus on delivering value to the customers and the stakeholders, rather than meeting arbitrary financial goals. The company earnings targets may also change over time, and they may not align with the product vision or the market reality2 . References: 1: Scrum Guide 2: Managing Products with Agility 3: Customer Feedback 4: Market Share 5: Unmet Customer Needs : [Competitor Pricing] : [Company Earnings Targets]
NEW QUESTION # 70
Who is allowed to make changes in the Product Backlog? (choose the best two answers)
- A. The Developers, in agreement with the Product Owner.
- B. The Key Stakeholders
- C. Anyone.
- D. The Product Owner
Answer: A,D
NEW QUESTION # 71
Which of the following is a benefit of using Scrum as an agile approach? (choose the best answer)
- A. Increasing team velocity.
- B. Managing the business' exposure to risk.
- C. Managing team member utilization.
- D. All of the above.
- E. On-time deliver of fixed scope.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 72
Conducting small experiments to validate concepts with customers provides valuable insights into the potential value of proposed solutions. However, the financial department at ABC company feels that the experiments are not cost-effective.
What is the appropriate response to the finance department? (choose the best answer)
- A. Proposed solutions are likely to succeed as they are based on market research.
- B. Experiments should not be run on products that are already launched because experiments are only effective for new products.
- C. It is more cost-effective to allocate a small sum of money to validate a solution than to create a solution that does not meet the customer's actual needs.
- D. Experiments are only required in very limited circumstances as reviews by stakeholders can often achieve the same or better results.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 73
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